The Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, located at the Sanam Chandra Palace Campus in Nakhon Pathom, was officially established on December 27, 1971, following the University Council's resolution to expand academic scope beyond arts and archaeology.

The Faculty admitted its first batch of students in 1972 in Mathematics, Statistics, and Biology. In 1974, it was organized into five departments: Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology, Physics, and the Office of the Secretary. The Department of Environmental Science was subsequently added in 1989.

Currently, Silpakorn University operates as an autonomous university under the Silpakorn University Act B.E. 2559 (2016). Following the 2019 announcement regarding internal organization, the Faculty is now divided into 14 units: the Office of the Dean; the Departments of Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Environmental Science, Statistics, Computing, and Microbiology; the Science and Technology Equipment Center; the Academic Service Center; the Center of Excellence in Color and Coatings; the Center of Excellence in Innovative Materials; and the Solar Radiometer Calibration Center.